Pushing for More FEC Accountability — End Citizens United v. FEC (Trump Campaign)

At a Glance

End Citizens United PAC (ECU), represented by Campaign Legal Center Action (CLCA), filed suit against the FEC after the agency dismissed a complaint alleging the Trump campaign illegally solicited unlimited contributions to a super PAC. ECU sued to force the FEC to do its job and hold the campaign accountable.

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About This Case/Action

The Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) and Federal Election Commission (FEC) regulations prohibit campaigns from soliciting contributions to super PACs unless certain critical measures are taken to ensure that the solicited contributions comply with federal contribution limits and prohibitions.

In May 2019, the Trump campaign issued a public statement that criticized the “dishonest fundraising” practices of certain groups and informed potential donors that America First Action—a Trump-aligned super PAC—was “authorized” and “approved” by President Trump. The Trump campaign made no effort in this solicitation to ensure contributions to America First Action complied with federal limits and prohibitions, instead issuing a blanket endorsement of contributions to the “approved” super PAC. Federal candidates are prohibited from soliciting contributions that could include corporate funds and amounts from individuals that exceed federal limits.

ECU and CLCA filed a complaint with the FEC against Trump’s campaign that same week. Although the FEC’s General Counsel recommended finding that there was reason to believe the Trump campaign had violated the law, the Commission deadlocked 3-2 and closed the case. Four votes are required for the FEC to act on a complaint, and the FEC is the sole government agency tasked with enforcing federal campaign finance law.

The FEC also delayed releasing any explanation of its decision to dismiss the complaint for more than two months and until after ECU’s 60-day deadline to challenge the FEC’s dismissal in court. With this delay, the FEC demonstrated once again that it is not the accountable and effective watchdog this country needs.

ECU filed a lawsuit in 2021, represented by CLCA, challenging the decision of the two FEC commissioners who voted to dismiss its complaint. ECU asked the court to direct the FEC to take action to hold the Trump campaign accountable for their unlawful solicitation.
 

What's At Stake

Federal law and FEC regulations require certain measures be taken to ensure contributions to super PACs solicited by candidates comply with contribution limits and other prohibitions. When the Trump campaign solicited contributions to the “approved” super PAC, America First Action, it took no such measures and issued a blanket endorsement of contributions to the super PAC. Not only did the FEC fail to act to hold the Trump campaign accountable, but the FEC did not provide the required explanation as to why they failed to enforce the law.

This is yet another instance in which a campaign finance violation went uninvestigated and unpunished, and those who should be enforcing the law threw a veil of confusion over the proceedings by not explaining their actions in a reasonable and timely way. Instead of a functioning FEC that protects the trust of voters, American voters are left with a dysfunctional system that allows corruption to thrive while wealthy special interests wield outsized power over the political system. To prevent political corruption, we need a strong FEC to enforce campaign finance laws and hold political candidates and their donors accountable.

Plaintiffs

End Citizens United PAC

Defendant

Federal Election Commission

End Citizens United PAC and Campaign Legal Center Action Score a Win for FEC Accountability

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Washington, D.C. – On June 9th, 2023, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit issued a ruling in End Citizens United PAC v Federal Election Commission, a case filed by End Citizens United (ECU), represented by Campaign Legal Center Action (CLCA).  

At issue in this case is the problematic pattern of FEC Commissioners delaying the release of their reasoning for dismissing complaints alleging campaign finance violations.  

In this case, End Citizens United filed a complaint with the FEC in 2019 alleging that the campaign of then-President Donald Trump violated campaign finance law. In response, the Commission not only failed to enforce the law, but the FEC also delayed releasing any explanation of its decision to dismiss the complaint for more than two months and until after ECU’s deadline to challenge the FEC’s dismissal in court.  

“A functioning and effective FEC is a vital organ in our democracy, and the Circuit Court’s ruling brings us one step closer to reaching that ideal,” said Tiffany Muller, president of End Citizens United. “It’s no secret that the gridlock and dysfunction within the agency has resulted in a dereliction of its core responsibilities, which ultimately opens the door for unfettered corruption in our elections. This is a big win that will force the FEC to be more transparent and accountable in fulfilling its obligations." 

Siding with ECU, the ruling held that if FEC Commissioners dismiss a case, they must do so in a timely fashion and explain their decision “at the time” of the dismissal. The court pointed out that when the FEC delays explaining its actions, it undermines “‘agency accountability’ by keeping the complainant and interested members of the public in the dark.” The D.C. Circuit ordered that the case be returned to the FEC for further action.   

"Failures by the Federal Election Commission to enforce campaign finance laws allow our politics to become increasingly rigged in favor of special interests,” said Adav Noti, Executive Director of CLCA. "We applaud the Court's decision – one that imposes accountability on the Commission for failing to do its job, and hopefully marks a step towards fixing the FEC’s dysfunction." 

When those who violate campaign finance law are not held accountable - and those who should be enforcing the law throw a veil of confusion over the proceedings by not explaining their actions in a reasonable and timely way, the trust of voters diminishes and corruption thrives.  
 
As the Court pointed out, when the FEC delays releasing its reasoning to such an extent as we have seen repeatedly in recent years, a reasonable conclusion is that these delays are intended to frustrate the ability of complainants to hold the agency accountable. This is not the way the agency responsible for enforcing our federal campaign finance laws should be functioning - the FEC must provide genuine reasons for its actions, and that requires timeliness and transparency.  

To reduce political corruption, we need a strong FEC to enforce campaign finance laws and hold political candidates and their donors accountable. It is well past time for the FEC to do its job.

Supreme Court Upholds Equitable Democracy

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Washington, D.C. – Today, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a decision in Allen v. Milligan affirming Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act. The case centered on a voting map in Alabama that was struck down by a unanimous 3-judge court for diluting Black Alabamians’ voting strength and restricting their ability to elect their preferred representative. In response, Paul Smith, senior vice president at Campaign Legal Center (CLC), issued the following statement: 

 

“Today, the Supreme Court upheld the voting rights of Black Alabamians and prevented politicians from using unfair voting maps to drown out Black voices. 

Black Alabamians deserve to have a say in the issues that impact their lives. When self-interested politicians draw maps that suit their own needs instead of the needs of their community, our democracy becomes less inclusive and accountable.  

We are heartened that the Supreme Court upheld Section 2 of the VRA, one of the most important tools available to ensure every voter, particularly Black and brown voters who have historically been denied the freedom to vote, has an equal voice in our democracy.   

While this ruling is a step in the right direction, we will continue to fight tirelessly alongside our local allies in Alabama and across the country to challenge racially discriminatory voting maps in court and develop innovative policy solutions that protect and expand the freedom to vote for every American.” 

 

Campaign Legal Center has been involved in several lawsuits challenging racial vote dilution in voting maps. In July 2022, Campaign Legal Center filed a friend-of-the-court brief in Allen v. Milligan arguing that Alabama’s attacks on Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act were unfounded. The brief offered several remedies the state of Alabama could have taken that did not dilute Black voices while still satisfying Alabama’s other policy priorities.