Rio Grande Foundation v. City of Santa Fe

At a Glance

CLC represented the City of Santa Fe in the successful defense of its political disclosure law, protecting voters’ right to know who is behind efforts to influence their votes. 
 

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About This Case/Action

Like many other states and municipalities, Santa Fe requires basic disclosure from those spending money to support or oppose ballot measures in local elections to enable the voting public to understand the interests vying for their votes. The challenged disclosure provision requires “event-driven” reporting: whenever a person or entity spends $250 or more to support or oppose a ballot proposition, the person is required to disclose that spending, as well as any donors who contributed for the purpose of funding it.

The plaintiff in the case is the Rio Grande Foundation (RGF), an Albuquerque-based nonprofit corporation that regularly participates in legislative and policy advocacy in New Mexico. In April 2017, one month before Santa Fe voters would go to the polls to vote on a “soda tax” proposition, RGF announced that it was launching a campaign to defeat the measure. This “No Way Santa Fe” initiative would include a $7,500 campaign video and website urging voters to reject the proposal, as well as Facebook advertisements promoting the video and $1,500 on express advocacy mailers.

When RGF refused to file a campaign report disclosing the in-kind contributions and expenditures related to its “No Way Santa Fe” initiative, a local citizen filed a complaint alleging that RGF had violated the disclosure ordinance. The city’s Ethics and Campaign Review Board agreed and ordered RGF to file a one-time, six-page campaign report, which revealed that the No Way Santa Fe video and website were produced and contributed by an out-of-state group called the Interstate Policy Alliance, and disclosed one other person who contributed $250 toward the effort. The Ethics Board took no further action against RGF. No penalties or fines were assessed.

Shortly thereafter, RGF filed suit against the City of Santa Fe and the Ethics Board, challenging the disclosure ordinance under the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution and Article II, § 17 of the New Mexico Constitution.

The U.S. District Court for the District of New Mexico rejected RGF’s constitutional challenge and upheld the city’s disclosure law in February 2020. RGF appealed that decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit, which dismissed the appeal for lack of standing. The U.S. Supreme Court denied RGF’s subsequent petition for review in April 2022, ensuring that Santa Fe’s transparency law will continue to protect voters’ right to know. 

Plaintiffs

Rio Grande Foundation

Defendant

City of Santa Fe, et al.

Martin v. Kemp

At a Glance

Gwinnett County, the second largest county in Georgia located northeast of Atlanta, rejected hundreds of mail-in ballots for immaterial errors and omissions. CLC filed a friend-of-the-court brief in support of voters challenging these rejections.

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About This Case/Action

Georgia has struggled with a history of voter suppression and discrimination for decades. Mail-in and early voting are procedures that streamline voting options by making elections more accessible for groups that have typically faced challenges casting a ballot due to laws that restrict voting access.

It was recently discovered that Gwinnett County, the second largest county in Georgia located northeast of Atlanta, rejected hundreds of mail-in ballots, the highest rate in the state. Gwinnett County alone is responsible for 40 percentof the rejected absentee ballots across Georgia. The burden falls disproportionately on voters of color. In the complaint, the plaintiffs note that 9.6 percent of the 4,063 mail-in ballots received through October 12, 2018 were rejected. This is highly unusual as the most populous county in Georgia, Fulton, had not rejected any ballots as of the same date. Gwinnett County’s practices are a clear avenue for officials to effectively shut certain populations out of the voting process. 

Voter suppression and discrimination is expressly prohibited by federal law and in the U.S. Constitution. The Civil Rights Act (CRA) is a federal law that prohibits discrimination, segregation, and the unequal application of voter registration requirements. The CRA contains a provision included by Congress that states that immaterial information requests unrelated to determining a voter’s qualifications cannot  pose a barrier to voting. At the time of voting, registrars have already determined that the voters’ age qualifies them to vote before issuing absentee ballots. Any contrary interpretation would also run afoul of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution by imposing an undue burden on the right to vote.

On October 22, CLC filed an amicus brief in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia in support of the voters that are challenging Gwinnett County’s rejection of absentee ballots because it violates the plain text of the CRA and Fourteenth Amendment. 

The information requested by elections officials places an unnecessary burden on the voter and Gwinnett County officials do not have a compelling reason to require such information for a citizen to vote. The court should require Gwinnett County to ensure that their citizens are enjoying the full protection of the Voting Rights Act, the Civil Rights Act and the fundamental right to vote that is their right according to the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution. It’s important that every eligible voter is able to participate in our democracy. 

Plaintiffs

Rhonda J. Martin

Dana Bowers

Jasmine Clark 

Smythe Duval

Jeanne Dufort 

Defendant

Brian Kemp, Secretary of State of Georgia

Rebecca N. Sullivan

Ralph F. "Rusty" Simpson

David J. Worley

Seth Harp

Stephen Day

John Magano

Alice O'Lenick

Ben Satterfield

Beauty Baldwin

Nevada Adds Eligible Voters with Past Convictions to the Rolls After Campaign Legal Center Organizers Work to Reinstate Wrongly Denied Voters

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More than 500 affected Nevada voters have been added to the rolls for November elections as a result of this effort

LAS VEGAS, NV – Campaign Legal Center (CLC) has come to an agreement with Nevada Secretary of State Barbara Cegavske’s office and the Clark County registrar after the county was denying voter registration applications due to an unlawful paperwork requirement, asking eligible voters to unearth decades-old discharge papers in order to register to vote. In a memo sent to Nevada counties by Deputy Secretary for Elections Wayne Thorley, the state clarified that eligible voters who complete the registration process by signing a declaration form affirming the restoration of their voting rights after a conviction are eligible to vote normally on Election Day. Clark County has added more than 500 Nevada citizens whose registrations were denied to the rolls. The Secretary of State’s memo recommended that all other counties also take this crucial step to ensure no eligible voter is wrongly denied the right to vote in 2018.

“Nevada voters should not be disenfranchised due to an unnecessary paperwork requirement,” said Blair Bowie, legal fellow at CLC. “We are pleased that the Nevada Secretary of State and Clark County registrar worked with us to resolve this issue amicably, so that the voters could be reinstated in time for the November elections. It is critical that Nevadans and voters around the country receive accurate information about their state’s voting rights restoration requirements.”

This comes after Nevada has agreed to do four things to clarify voter registration processes for people with past convictions.

CLC has further worked to simplify the rights restoration process for people with past convictions, releasing a fact sheet that answers common questions about Nevada law.

Coalition of Civil Rights Groups Ask for Emergency Relief for Newly Naturalized Voters Suspended by Georgia’s Exact Match Process

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ATLANTA, GA – Today, a coalition of civil rights organizations filed an emergency motion in Georgia federal district court to make sure that persons inaccurately flagged as non-citizens under Secretary of State Brian Kemp’s flawed “exact match" system can vote. Kemp’s “exact match” voter registration process relies on outdated citizenship data which identifies naturalized citizens as non-citizens, forcing them to track down a deputy registrar before they can vote, even if they already produced proof of citizenship when they registered to vote originally. 

However, there is not a guaranteed deputy registrar at every polling location. Therefore, naturalized citizens may be required to travel to the county seat to resolve an error in their registration that they did not cause. Moreover, recently naturalized citizens have been told that they cannot fax or mail their proof of citizenship, they must present it in-person. For voters temporarily out of the state, this is an absolute bar to voting.

The emergency motion asks only that these voters be treated the same as everyone else on the pending list and be permitted to show their proof of citizenship to their poll worker in-person or mail or fax their proof of citizenship with their absentee ballot application.

Of the 51,111 voter registrations that were “pending as a result of a no-match, 80.15 percent were submitted by minority registrants. Over 3,000 of those individuals have been flagged as potential non-citizens based on outdated and unreliable data. They should have a fair and reasonable opportunity to prove their citizenship and vote.

“Georgia voters can’t afford to wait,” said Danielle Lang, senior legal counsel, voting rights and redistricting at the Campaign Legal Center (CLC). “Their fundamental right to vote on November 6 is imperiled by no fault of their own, but rather by Kemp’s continued use of the state’s flawed exact match process. The voters impacted by this process are often newly naturalized citizens voting for the first time. We should be welcoming them to our political community, not interrogating them.”

“Secretary Kemp’s much-maligned ‘exact match’ system is a travesty,” said Kristen Clarke, president and executive director of the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law. “It burdens voters with correcting mistakes caused by the State and its faulty databases, and places those burdens disproportionately on minority voters. This is played out starkly in the unreasonable burdens imposed specifically on new Americans, many of whom will not be able to vote unless relief is granted now.”

"As an organization, our core mission is to empower our Asian-American communities to be fully active in civic life,” said Phi Nguyễn, litigation director at Asian Americans Advancing Justice-Atlanta. “This includes helping immigrants navigate the naturalization process so that they can exercise one of the hallmarks of citizenship: the right to vote. It's particularly heartbreaking to witness new American voters being immediately disenfranchised because of unnecessary barriers created by the state of Georgia."  

CLC, the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law and Asian Americans Advancing Justice-Atlanta are serving as counsel in the case representing a coalition of civil rights groups: Georgia Coalition for the People’s Agenda, Asian-Americans Advancing Justice-Atlanta, Georgia State Conference of the NAACP, New Georgia Project, Georgia Association of Latino Elected Officials, and ProGeorgia State Table. The suit alleges that Georgia’s protocol violates Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, Section 8 of the National Voter Registration Act, and the First and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution.

The original lawsuit was filed on October 11. Today an amended complaint was filed, adding Common Cause and the Joseph & Evelyn Lowery Institute as additional plaintiffs.

Visit our case page to read the declarations of our plaintiffs: Georgia Coalition for the Peoples’ Agenda v. Kemp.

Heritage Action Violates New FEC Disclosure Requirements

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Enforcement of donor transparency requirements would give voters in November knowledge about who is funding election ads

WASHINGTON  - Campaign Legal Center (CLC) filed a complaint with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) alleging that Heritage Action for America, the advocacy arm of the Heritage Foundation, violated the law by failing to disclose the contributors who funded hundreds of thousands in independent expenditures.

Following a recent D.C. District Court opinion striking down an FEC rule that had undermined legal disclosure requirements, the FEC issued new guidance clarifying that dark money groups reporting such spending must disclose all donors who gave for “political purposes” and for the purpose of furthering any of the group’s independent expenditures. The new guidance first applied to the quarterly reports due October 15, for contributions received after August 4. 

Heritage Action issued a press release on August 8 announcing its plans to “to spend $2.5 million and back 12 candidates this November,” and its executive director told McClatchy, “What we’re telling donors is, every dollar we raise over our budget we can effectively pour more into these races.” But even though Heritage Action was raising contributions for independent expenditures, it failed to report the identity of any donors.

“Heritage Action officials stated publicly on August 8 that the group would ‘raise’ money ‘to back 12 candidates,’ and then spent six figures supporting those same candidates. Under the D.C. District Court’s decision and the FEC’s guidance, Heritage Action should have disclosed at least some donors on its October quarterly report, but failed to do so,” said Brendan Fischer, director, federal reform at CLC. “The question now is whether the FEC will enforce the law.”

Libertarian National Committee v. FEC

At a Glance

Federal campaign laws limit the amount of money individuals can contribute to national political party committees within a certain year. The LNC challenged the limits on contributions to political parties. CLC's friend-of-the-court brief supports the constitutionality of the overall federal contribution limit system. 

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About This Case/Action

Federal election laws limit the amount of money that an individual may give to a national party committee each year. The aim is to prevent the corruption and appearance that has been found to arise from parties’ unchecked solicitations of wealthy donors and their receipt of large contributions. These contribution limits have long been upheld because they do not prevent donors from spending money on political activity directly, rather only marginally restricts their association with the party and their expression “through” the proxy of a political party.  The Federal Election Commission (FEC) applies these limits to bequests from individual estates, but requires parties to put bequests that exceed the limits in an escrow account, and to make annual withdrawals in amounts that comply with the yearly limits.

In the last hours before the December 2014 deadline, Congress passed an enormous federal spending bill, the “Cromnibus,” to avoid a government shutdown. Tucked into the spending package was an amendment to the federal contribution limits, which allows individuals to make an additional contribution to a political party of up to three times the pre-existing limits, so long as those contributions are made to “segregated accounts.” These segregated accounts can then be used by the parties to pay for expenses related to presidential nominating conventions, legal activity, and party headquarters buildings, but not for other purposes. 

The LNC brings two separate but interrelated challenges to limits on contributions to political parties. First, the LNC argues that they should be able to accept the full amount of a particular bequest immediately because no quid pro quoarrangement between the party and a decedent can arise, and the nature of the bequest does not give rise the appearance of such an arrangement. Second, the LNC argues that by increasing the contribution limits only for certain designated expenses, Congress has created an unconstitutional “content based” restriction on how parties may accept and spend contributions.  

WHAT IS AT STAKE

This case is yet another attempt to undermine or eliminate contribution limits to political parties. It advances the dangerous proposition that contribution limits may only apply to a specific contribution if the government can show that it has caused corruption or is likely to do so in the future. The LNC’s characterizes its request to exempt a bequest from the annual limits as a one-time carve-out for a gift where the donor has no any interest in political favors. In reality, however, the logic underlying this argument would require the FEC and the courts to “prove” the corruptive effects of every individual political contribution. Not only would this be impossible to administer, it would undermine the prophylactic nature of the entire system of federal contribution limits. 

The case also seeks to sweep away decades of precedent which has upheld contribution limits precisely because they limit only the amount an individual can donate to a particular political party or candidate, and not the total amount of political activity in which either the donor or the recipient may engage. Finally, it attempts to create a one-way ratchet on contribution limits, and ignores the long-standing deference courts have given to Congress to determine what monetary limit serves the dual aims of preventing corruption and ensuring parties have the resources necessary to engage in political advocacy. 

The Campaign Legal Center disagrees with many of the assumptions which underlie both the FEC’s decision to allow excess contributions made in the form of a bequest, and Congress’s decision to increase the contribution limits for segregated accounts. Those disagreements are rooted in policy disputes, however, not constitutional infirmities. Our friend-of-the-court brief, filed with Democracy 21, supports the constitutionality of the overall federal contribution limit system, and points out the dangerous implications for campaign finance jurisprudence should the Court rule in favor of the LNC. 

Plaintiffs

Libertarian National Committee

Defendant

Federal Election Commission

Coalition of Civil Rights Groups File Suit to Stop Georgia’s Unlawful Suspension and Cancellation of Voter Registration Applications

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Of the 51,111 voter registrations that were “pending” as a result of a no-match, 80.15 percent were submitted by minority registrants

ATLANTA, GA – Today, a coalition of civil rights organizations filed a lawsuit in federal district court in Georgia against Secretary of State Brian Kemp – the state’s top election official – to block the state from enforcing their “exact match” protocol that places tens of thousands of voter registration applications in suspense for errors as small as a misplaced hyphen, dash, or space. The result of the state’s protocol is the flagging for potential removal of thousands of registrations for innocuous mistakes such as misread handwriting or the incorrect transposition of driver’s license digits. These errors are often not the registrants’ fault and are unrelated to their eligibility.

Based on data produced by the Georgia Secretary of State’s office, of the 51,111 voter registrations that were “pending” on July 4 as a result of a no-match, 80.15 percent were submitted by Black, Latino, and Asian-American registrants, partly due to the higher likelihood of misspelling or the omission of a letter or character. Earlier this week, the AP reported that 53,000 registrations are now in “pending” and that nearly 70 percent of those are Black registrants.

The system also relies on outdated citizenship data from the Department of Driver Services, which erroneously flags naturalized citizens as non-citizens – even when registrants present proof of citizenship upon initial registration. It appears that Secretary Kemp has no protocol for ensuring that even voters who provide proof of citizenship with their registration are not still flagged and asked to provide the same information again. This leads to confusion and suppresses voting.

Nearly every other state treats failure to match a database differently than Georgia. In the case of a mismatch, the voter is still fully registered. First-time voters are required to show a form of identification at the polls when they vote for the first time. This process provides the same amount of election security and imposes less barriers to voters.

Campaign Legal Center (CLC), Asian Americans Advancing Justice-Atlanta and the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law are serving as counsel in the case representing a coalition of civil rights groups: Georgia Coalition for the People’s Agenda, Asian-Americans Advancing Justice-Atlanta, Georgia State Conference of the NAACP, New Georgia Project, Georgia Association of Latino Elected Officials, and ProGeorgia State Table. The suit alleges that Georgia’s protocol violates Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, Section 8 of the National Voter Registration Act, and the First and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution.

“Georgia’s ‘exact match’ protocol has resulted in the cancellation or rejection of tens of thousands of voter registration applications in the past. The reintroduction of this practice, which is known to be discriminatory and error-ridden, is appalling,” said Danielle Lang, senior legal counsel, voting rights and redistricting at CLC. “This policy adds nothing to the security of Georgia elections but causes unnecessary confusion and additional burdens for eligible citizens who wish to exercise their fundamental right to vote.”

"In 2016, we helped stop Georgia's ‘exact match’ protocol that kicked thousands of voters off the voter rolls—some of them simply because they have uncommon Asian or Latino names that others commonly misspell,” said Phi Nguyễn, litigation director at Asian Americans Advancing Justice-Atlanta. “It is unacceptable that only two years later, we are once again asking a court to step in to end an almost identical ‘exact match’ protocol that threatens to disenfranchise thousands more from our communities."

In 2017, Georgia Governor Nathan Deal signed House Bill 268 into law, which codified a voter registration database “exact match” protocol. HB 268 was introduced shortly after the settlement of a lawsuit filed in 2016 by CLC and others, which challenged a similar voter registration database “exact match” requirement that had been implemented by Kemp. A 2009 audit from the Social Security Administration’s inspector general that said matching voter records with a Social Security database produced inaccurate matching.

Given recent news reports, it is important to clarify that voters on this “pending” list for “exact match” issues are entitled to vote a regular ballot in person at the polls if they show Georgia voter photo ID. It is possible, however, that they will not be able to vote by mail or may have their vote by mail ballots rejected because Georgia absentee ballots do not require photo ID.

*Co-counsel in the case also include Hughes Hubbard & Reed LLP and the Law Office of Bryan L. Sells, LLC.