Candidates and outside groups often coordinate, most recently in Michigan

John James, the likely Republican challenger to Sen. Gary Peters (D-Mich.), paid a political consultant to help manage his campaign in May 2019. “The coordination rules are only implicated if the content of the ad expressly advocates for or against the candidate or is run shortly before the election,” said Brendan Fischer, director of federal reform at the nonpartisan Campaign Legal Center, noting that the ad has to be aired within the 120-day period after the staffer leaves the campaign.

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